Recognizing and treating gluten allergy: tips and recommendations

Gluten allergy is a serious problem for many people. I will tell you about the features of this disease, symptoms, methods of diagnosis, and treatment.

What is gluten and its sources

Gluten is a protein composed of gliadin and glutenin, which is found in the grains of wheat, rye, barley, and other cereals. Gluten gives dough elasticity, makes baking fluffy and tasty. However, some people develop an allergy to gluten, which leads to unpleasant symptoms and dietary restrictions.

Types of gluten intolerance

There are several types of gluten intolerance, including:

• Gluten allergy (an immune response of the body to gluten);
• Celiac disease (an autoimmune disorder in which gluten causes damage to the intestine).

Gluten allergy symptoms

Gluten allergy symptoms can manifest in various ways. Common signs include nausea, bloating, diarrhea, constipation, fatigue, headache, joint and muscle pain.

Digestive issues with gluten allergy

Digestive disorders, such as abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, diarrhea, or constipation, are often observed in those with gluten allergy. Infants and children may experience problems with weight gain and growth, as well as increased irritability.

Neurological and skin manifestations of gluten allergy

Gluten allergy can manifest in various skin symptoms, such as rash, itching, redness, or swelling. Neurological disorders, such as anxiety, depression, migraines, and problems with concentration and memory, are also possible.

Gluten allergy diagnosis

To identify a gluten allergy, a comprehensive examination is required. A doctor may prescribe blood tests for antibodies to gluten and other specific markers. Biopsy of the mucous membrane of the small intestine or genetic testing for predisposition to celiac disease may also be necessary.

It is important to differentiate gluten allergy from other conditions such as irritable bowel syndrome, lactose intolerance, Crohn's disease, or allergies to other foods.

Gluten allergy treatment and prevention

A gluten-free diet is the main method of treating gluten allergy.

Basics of a gluten-free diet

The basis of a gluten-free diet is to exclude foods containing gluten from the diet. This includes avoiding wheat, rye, barley, and their derivatives. What you can eat: potatoes, rice, buckwheat, corn, vegetables, fruits, meat, fish, dairy products, and eggs.

Gluten-free replacements

Today, there are many gluten-free substitutes available for bread, pasta, flour products, and baked goods. It is important to be able to read product labels to ensure their gluten-free composition.

Medication for gluten allergy

A doctor may also prescribe medication to alleviate symptoms of gluten allergy, such as antihistamines (cetirizine, loratadine, fexofenadine, desloratadine), probiotics, and digestive normalizing agents. However, self-medication is not recommended, as only a doctor can properly select drugs and their dosages.

Vitamins and supplements for supporting the body

In cases of gluten allergy, deficiencies in vitamins and minerals may arise due to impaired absorption in the intestine. A doctor may recommend taking vitamin and mineral supplements to meet the body's needs.

Gluten allergy is a complex disease that requires attention and care for one's health. Successful treatment of gluten allergy is largely based on adherence to a gluten-free diet. However, it is important to consult an experienced allergist for proper diagnosis and an individualized treatment plan. Timely consultation with a specialist and adherence to all recommendations can reduce the risk of complications and improve the quality of life.