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What is ear eczema?
Eczema of the ear is a common dermatological condition characterized by inflammation of the skin in the ear area. Eczema can affect various parts of the ear, including the pinnae, the external auditory canal, and, in rare cases, the inner structures of the ear. The disease causes itching, redness, swelling and irritation, seriously impairing patients' quality of life.
Causes of ear eczema
Eczema of the ear can occur for a variety of reasons. It can be caused by allergies, including allergies to ear-care products or certain types of food. Often, eczema of the outer ear develops on the background of chronic conditions such as atopic dermatitis, psoriasis or seborrheic dermatitis.
Symptoms of ear eczema
- The main symptoms of ear eczema include itching, redness, and swelling of the skin of the ear. In eczema of the ear canal, there may be a feeling of fullness and discomfort in the ear.
- Additional symptoms may include flaking of the skin, small blisters with fluid, and crusts. In some cases, eczema of the external auditory canal may cause hearing impairment or secretion from the ear.
Diagnosis of ear eczema
Diagnosis of ear eczema is based on a visual examination and collection of medical history. The treating physician may also prescribe blood tests for allergens or a skin biopsy to rule out other diseases.
Treatment of ear eczema
Hormonal ointments, such as Hydrocortisone or Betamethasone, are usually the first choice in treating ear eczema. They help reduce inflammation and itching.
In cases where hormonal ointments are inappropriate or ineffective, non-hormonal ointments such as Elocom or Protopik may be used.
In severe cases where local treatment fails, systemic medications may be prescribed. These may be immunosuppressants, such as cyclosporine, or biologics, such as dupilumab.
Physiotherapy
Physical therapy treatments such as UW therapy may be recommended as adjunctive treatment.
Recommendations for ear care
Ear skin care plays an important role in the treatment and prevention of eczema. External irritants, including strong shampoos and soaps, should be avoided, and the skin should be moisturized regularly.
Ear eczema prevention includes avoiding known allergens and irritants, moisturizing the skin, and regular medical checkups.
In conclusion, ear eczema is a discomforting condition that can seriously impair quality of life. But with the right approach to diagnosis and treatment, most patients can achieve symptom control and return to a normal life.
